The collector car market, in your inbox
Classic car news, hand-picked vehicles, and auction coverage. Choose what lands in your inbox.
Paperwork is the least exciting part of buying a classic car, and one of the most important. Title issues can turn a dream car into a legal and financial headache.
Start with the title
Confirm that the seller’s name matches the name on the title, and that the VIN on the title matches the VIN plate on the car, and any other VIN stampings. Look for signs of alterations. Check whether there are liens listed, and ask for proof that any lien has been released.
Know the brands
A branded title, such as salvage, rebuilt, flood or junk, can drastically reduce value and may complicate registration and insurance. Rules differ by state, so check your state’s requirements. Some states also have different rules for older vehicles, and in some places very old cars may not have a title at all. A bill of sale and other documentation may be required instead, and the process for getting a title can be long. Ask your DMV what applies before you buy.
Run a history report where it applies
For later-model cars, a vehicle history report can reveal reported accidents, title brands and odometer discrepancies. Coverage on older cars is limited, so don’t treat a clean report as proof of a clean car.
Get a proper bill of sale
A written bill of sale should list the buyer, the seller, the date, the price, the VIN, the mileage and a clear description of the car, along with any conditions of sale. If you are buying at auction, read the terms, because they will state how title transfer works and any buyer’s premiums and auction fees that apply.
Ask for the file
Service records, receipts, restoration photos, owner manuals, window stickers, build sheets and past registrations all help prove what the car is and how it has been cared for. A thick folder of documentation is a good sign, and it can have a meaningful effect on what a classic is worth.
Verify mileage claims
Many older odometers have rolled over, been replaced or been reset. Look for supporting evidence such as inspection stickers, service tags and maintenance records, and describe any doubts to the seller in writing.
Consider professional help
When a large sum is involved, a pre-purchase inspection and a conversation with your state’s DMV can save you from costly surprises. For legal questions, a qualified attorney is your best resource.
